The main aim of the article is an analysis of the privatization of pedagogical knowledge using an example of one of the alternative pedagogies (Montessori Method). This combines symbolism associated with bravery, dedication and sacrifice, allowing justification of the current political course of power in Russia. In addition to this, the child as a symbol of innocence and vulnerability is an invariant element in the policy of the Russian authorities. As an answer to the so-called “Magnitsky Act”, the Russian authorities implemented the “DimaYakovlev law” prohibiting adoptions of Russian children to the United States. After several years, however, children and orphans are now being used as a symbol of vulnerability in the government policy of the Kremlin. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia again faced the problem of homeless children. These activities were designed to create a “new Soviet man”. Makarenko developed his innovative pedagogical approach. At the beginning of the Bolshevik regime, homeless children (bezprizorni) became a subject of interest for the security apparatus organized by F. The paper describes the political use of symbols of childhood and orphanhood in the current policy of the Russian authorities.
#Zadania matematyczne dla dzieci 6 letnich free#
To change this situation, external regulations will not suffice, but only the organizing of the learning environment based on the relationship between the teacher and the student, which is free from the daily pressures of assessment and the worship of formal correctness. It is a culture that becomes one of the sources of children’s self-restraint in the perception of themselves as agents, perpetuating their external steerability and passivity. The surveyed students, admittedly, are capable of a relatively independent reflection on the context of school assessment, but the world of their educational experience is limited to the incapacitating culture of the school grade. The picture obtained by using the triangulation of methods and sources confirms that assessment in early childhood education strips children of the opportunity to build a sense of agency, even in terms of independent control of a task situation. The discussion is based on the results of the recent research conducted in Poland on students’ agency and an analysis of the data collected as part of the author’s own research. Bruner, is treated as a category of school culture. In this text, a critical reflection is presented on assessment practices in early childhood education, which are discussed in the context of the creation by those practices of the students’ sense of agency which, according to J. The final part contains research conclusions and summarizing reflections. The next section presents the research outcomes and highlights several areas of analysis, including lesson topics on social education, methods of their implementation, and the social importance that is revealed during communication practices. Then the paper describes the concept of the studies. The paper includes a theoretical part that explains the idea and nature of social education with the emphasis on so-called new thematic areas resulting from the needs of individuals and social expectations. The research objective is to reconstruct the features of social knowledge and the process of its acquiring in the classroom. The starting point for discussion are two conceptual categories of “the inactive bystander effect” and “the active bystander effect” taken from the Heroic Imagination Project by Philip Zimbardo, which I illustrate with the results of ethnomethodological studies conducted among 7–9-year old children during their classes about social issues. & en “the different one” will cease to be perceived as inferior, dangerous, marked by stereotypes, and will seem interesting, worth knowing, and the world will become a space for the child to explore and discover in order to know it better and act in it more skillfully. However, this can only be achieved if social topics include issues arising from the needs of individuals and social expectations and if expository methods of teaching are replaced by a reflective problem approach. The paper focuses on the social education of younger students, which I see as an important area of activity that enables a better understanding of oneself, others and the world.